1543: Copernicus publishes "On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres" with the model that the Earth and the other planets orbit the Sun.
1584: Bruno publishes "On the Infinite, Universe and Worlds": the universe is infinite and has no center, and contains countless stars, celestial objects and planets.
1609: Galilei improves the telescope to find, among other things, four moons orbiting Jupiter, which further strengthening Copernicus theory. He was forced to recant his beliefs by the church in 1633.
1641: Descartes publishes "Meditations on First Philosophy":
• Res Cogitans ("thing thinking" - mind/soul): The soul has no physical dimensions or mass, and can therefore not be measured or governed by physical laws. It should be left to domain of theology and the Church.
• Res Extensa ("thing external" - body/matter): The physical body is governed strictly by mechanical and physical laws and is operating like a complex clock or machine.
We are all still affected by this:
• Do medical science include minds and emotions or are we just machines?
• Do medical degrees include relevant knowledge of emotions and how they affect the body?
• Is our Universe only Matter or is consciousness and experience also involved?
Word of the Day: Psyche
(Ancient Greek) psykhē: spirit, breath
Word of the Day: Schizophrene
(Ancient Greek) skhízō: to divide, to split
(Ancient Greek) phrḗn: soul, mind
We heal split souls with chemicals?
Do souls live longer than bodies?